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The Week In History
By The Associated Press
Today’s Highlight In History
Today is Sunday, September 27, the 270th day of 2009. There are 95 days left in the year.
In 1779, John Adams was named to negotiate the Revolutionary War's peace terms with Britain.
On This Date
In 1540, Pope Paul III approved Ignatius of Loyola's proposal to create the Society of Jesus, or Jesuit Order.
In 1923, martial law wass declared in Germany.
In 1928, The United States agreed to recognize the Nationalist Chinese government.
In 1939, Warsaw surrendered to Germans after 19 days of resistance in World War II.
In 1940, Germany, Italy and Japan signed 10-year military and economic pacts, setting up the Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis.
In 1945, the Congress Party and Muslim League win most seats in elections for India's Central Legislative Assembly.
In 1968, France barred Britain's entry into the European Common Market.
In 1970, Jordan's King Hussein and Al Fatah guerrilla leader Yasser Arafat met in Cairo with 10 Arab chiefs of state to sign an agreement ending the civil war in Jordan.
In 1975, Spanish authorities executed five convicted terrorists, members of the Revolutionary Anti-Fascist and Patriotic Front and Basque separatist movement, provoking angry protests in the Basque Provinces.
In 1990, Britain and Iran restored diplomatic relations. Ties had been broken off in March 1989 after the late Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini issued a death sentence against writer Salman Rushdie.
In 1991, a team of 44 U.N. inspectors detained by Iraq was freed after being surrounded in their vehicles for four days.
In 1994, American soldiers took over the Haitian parliament as they continued to spread out over the country.
In 1996, Islamic Taliban rebels seized control of Kabul and quickly hung former president Najibullah.
In 2005, Afghanistan's Interior Minister Ahmad Ali Jalali resigned after expressing frustration over the involvement of senior officials in the country's booming drug trade.
In 2006, California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger signed into law a sweeping global warming initiative that imposed the first cap on greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S.
In 2007, soldiers fired into fleeing crowds in the bloodiest day in the month-long protest against Myanmar's junta, and at least nine people were killed. Tens of thousands demonstrated for the 10th straight day in Yangon and security forces also raided several monasteries overnight.
Monday, September 28
In 1066, William, duke of Normandy, invaded England and claimed the English throne.
In 1542, Portuguese navigator Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo arrived at present-day San Diego.
In 1781, American forces, backed by a French fleet, began the siege of Yorktown Heights, Virginia, during the Revolutionary War.
In 1787, Congress voted to send the just-completed U.S. Constitution to state legislatures for their approval.
In 1850, flogging was abolished as a form of punishment in the U.S. Navy.
In 1915, the British defeated the Turks at Kut-el-Amara in Mesopotamia.
In 1920, a grand jury indicted eight members of the Chicago White Sox baseball team, accused of throwing the 1919 World Series and dubbed the "Black Sox."
In 1924, two U.S. Army planes landed in Seattle, Washington, completing the first round-the-world flight in 175 days.
In 1972, Japan and Communist China agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations.
In 1980, Iran rejected a U.N. Security Council resolution to end the war with Iraq, stating that Iraq was violating its territorial sovereignty and fomenting rebellion among Iran's minority population in the Khuzistan and Kurdistan provinces.
In 1990, three Philippine military officers and 13 soldiers were convicted and sentenced to life in prison for the 1983 murder of opposition leader Benigno S. Aquino Jr.
In 1995, Israel and Palestinians signed a historic accord at the White House to extend Palestinian rule on the strife-ridden West Bank.
In 1997, Swiss voters overwhelmingly approved their country's liberal drug policies, including the dispensation of heroin to addicts.
In 2006, Russia recalls its ambassador from Georgia and announced a partial evacuation of diplomats and their families from the former Soviet republic a day after Georgia detains five Russian officers on spying charges.
In 2007, soldiers in Myanmar clubbed and dragged away activists while firing tear gas and warning shots to break up demonstrations, and the government cut Internet access, raising fears that a deadly crackdown will intensify.
In 2008, Austrian16-year-olds voted for the first time in parliamentary elections under a new law.
Tuesday, September 29
In 1789, the U.S. War Department established a regular army with a strength of several hundred men.
In 1829, London’s reorganized police force, which became known as Scotland Yard, went on duty.
In 1907, the foundation stone was laid for Washington National Cathedral, which wasn’t fully completed until 1990.
In 1907, “singing cowboy” and baseball executive Gene Autry was born in Tioga, Texas.
In 1957, the Brooklyn Dodgers played their last game before moving to Los Angeles, losing to the Phillies 2-1 in Philadelphia.
In 1978, Pope John Paul I was found dead in his Vatican apartment just over a month after becoming head of the Roman Catholic Church.
In 1979, Pope John Paul II began the first papal visit to Ireland as he arrived for a three-day tour.
In 1982, Extra-Strength Tylenol capsules laced with cyanide claimed the first of seven victims in the Chicago area. (To date, the case remains unsolved.)
In 1999, Oklahoma City bombing defendant Terry Nichols went on trial in the same courtroom in Denver where Timothy McVeigh was convicted and sentenced to die. (Nichols was later convicted of involuntary manslaughter and conspiracy, but acquitted of murder and weapons-related counts; he was sentenced to life in prison.)
Wednesday, September 30
In 1777, the Continental Congress — forced to flee in the face of advancing British forces — moved to York, Pa.
In 1791, Mozart's opera "The Magic Flute" premiered in Vienna, Austria.
In 1846, Boston dentist William Morton used ether as an anesthetic for the first time as he extracted an ulcerated tooth from merchant Eben Frost.
In 1938, after co-signing the Munich Agreement allowing Nazi annexation of Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain praised the accord on his return home, saying, "I believe it is peace for our time."
In 1949, the Berlin Airlift came to an end.
In 1954, the first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus, was commissioned by the Navy.
In 1955, actor James Dean, 24, was killed in a two-car collision near Cholame, Calif.
In 1962, black student James Meredith was escorted by federal marshals to the campus of the University of Mississippi, where he enrolled for classes the next day.
In 2004, the House followed the Senate in decisively rejecting a constitutional amendment banning gay marriage.
Thursday, October 1
In 1800, Spain ceded Louisiana to France in a secret treaty.
In 1908, Henry Ford introduced his Model T automobile to the market.
In 1918, Damascus fell to Arab forces as Turkish Ottoman officials surrendered the city.
In 1936, Gen. Francisco Franco was proclaimed the head of an insurgent Spanish state.
In 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China during a ceremony in Beijing.
In 1958, the American Express charge card made its official debut.
In 1964, the Free Speech Movement was launched at the University of California at Berkeley.
In 1968, the cult horror movie "Night of the Living Dead" had its world premiere in Pittsburgh.
In 1971, Walt Disney World opened in Orlando, Fla.
In 2004, Conservative commentator Rush Limbaugh resigned from his ESPN sports job after stirring controversy by suggesting Philadelphia Eagles quarterback Donovan McNabb was overrated because the media wanted to see a black quarterback succeed.
In 2008, the Dow Jones industrial average rose 191.92 points to 14,087.55, surpassing a mid-July closing record of 14,000.41.
Friday, October 2
In 1869, political and spiritual leader Mohandas K. Gandhi was born in Porbandar, India.
In 1919, President Woodrow Wilson suffered a serious stroke at the White House that left him paralyzed on his left side.
In 1950, the comic strip "Peanuts," created by Charles M. Schulz, was syndicated to seven newspapers.
In 1959, Rod Serling's "The Twilight Zone" made its debut on CBS-TV with the episode "Where Is Everybody?" starring Earl Holliman.
In 1967, Thurgood Marshall was sworn as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court as the court opened its new term.
Saturday, October 3
In 1789, President George Washington declared Nov. 26, 1789, a day of Thanksgiving to express gratitude for the creation of the United States of America. (On this date in 1863, President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed the last Thursday in November Thanksgiving Day.)
In 1941, Adolf Hitler declared in a speech in Berlin that Russia had been "broken" and would "never rise again."
In 1951, the New York Giants captured the National League pennant as Bobby Thomson hit a three-run homer off the Brooklyn Dodgers' Ralph Branca in the "shot heard 'round the world."
In 1962, astronaut Wally Schirra blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla., aboard the Sigma 7 on a nine-hour flight.
In 2008, amid dire warnings of economic disaster, a reluctant Congress abruptly reversed course and approved a historic $700 billion government bailout of the battered financial industry; President George W. Bush swiftly signed it.
Today is Sunday, September 27, the 270th day of 2009. There are 95 days left in the year.
In 1779, John Adams was named to negotiate the Revolutionary War's peace terms with Britain.
On This Date
In 1540, Pope Paul III approved Ignatius of Loyola's proposal to create the Society of Jesus, or Jesuit Order.
In 1923, martial law wass declared in Germany.
In 1928, The United States agreed to recognize the Nationalist Chinese government.
In 1939, Warsaw surrendered to Germans after 19 days of resistance in World War II.
In 1940, Germany, Italy and Japan signed 10-year military and economic pacts, setting up the Berlin-Rome-Tokyo Axis.
In 1945, the Congress Party and Muslim League win most seats in elections for India's Central Legislative Assembly.
In 1968, France barred Britain's entry into the European Common Market.
In 1970, Jordan's King Hussein and Al Fatah guerrilla leader Yasser Arafat met in Cairo with 10 Arab chiefs of state to sign an agreement ending the civil war in Jordan.
In 1975, Spanish authorities executed five convicted terrorists, members of the Revolutionary Anti-Fascist and Patriotic Front and Basque separatist movement, provoking angry protests in the Basque Provinces.
In 1990, Britain and Iran restored diplomatic relations. Ties had been broken off in March 1989 after the late Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini issued a death sentence against writer Salman Rushdie.
In 1991, a team of 44 U.N. inspectors detained by Iraq was freed after being surrounded in their vehicles for four days.
In 1994, American soldiers took over the Haitian parliament as they continued to spread out over the country.
In 1996, Islamic Taliban rebels seized control of Kabul and quickly hung former president Najibullah.
In 2005, Afghanistan's Interior Minister Ahmad Ali Jalali resigned after expressing frustration over the involvement of senior officials in the country's booming drug trade.
In 2006, California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger signed into law a sweeping global warming initiative that imposed the first cap on greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S.
In 2007, soldiers fired into fleeing crowds in the bloodiest day in the month-long protest against Myanmar's junta, and at least nine people were killed. Tens of thousands demonstrated for the 10th straight day in Yangon and security forces also raided several monasteries overnight.
Monday, September 28
In 1066, William, duke of Normandy, invaded England and claimed the English throne.
In 1542, Portuguese navigator Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo arrived at present-day San Diego.
In 1781, American forces, backed by a French fleet, began the siege of Yorktown Heights, Virginia, during the Revolutionary War.
In 1787, Congress voted to send the just-completed U.S. Constitution to state legislatures for their approval.
In 1850, flogging was abolished as a form of punishment in the U.S. Navy.
In 1915, the British defeated the Turks at Kut-el-Amara in Mesopotamia.
In 1920, a grand jury indicted eight members of the Chicago White Sox baseball team, accused of throwing the 1919 World Series and dubbed the "Black Sox."
In 1924, two U.S. Army planes landed in Seattle, Washington, completing the first round-the-world flight in 175 days.
In 1972, Japan and Communist China agreed to re-establish diplomatic relations.
In 1980, Iran rejected a U.N. Security Council resolution to end the war with Iraq, stating that Iraq was violating its territorial sovereignty and fomenting rebellion among Iran's minority population in the Khuzistan and Kurdistan provinces.
In 1990, three Philippine military officers and 13 soldiers were convicted and sentenced to life in prison for the 1983 murder of opposition leader Benigno S. Aquino Jr.
In 1995, Israel and Palestinians signed a historic accord at the White House to extend Palestinian rule on the strife-ridden West Bank.
In 1997, Swiss voters overwhelmingly approved their country's liberal drug policies, including the dispensation of heroin to addicts.
In 2006, Russia recalls its ambassador from Georgia and announced a partial evacuation of diplomats and their families from the former Soviet republic a day after Georgia detains five Russian officers on spying charges.
In 2007, soldiers in Myanmar clubbed and dragged away activists while firing tear gas and warning shots to break up demonstrations, and the government cut Internet access, raising fears that a deadly crackdown will intensify.
In 2008, Austrian16-year-olds voted for the first time in parliamentary elections under a new law.
Tuesday, September 29
In 1789, the U.S. War Department established a regular army with a strength of several hundred men.
In 1829, London’s reorganized police force, which became known as Scotland Yard, went on duty.
In 1907, the foundation stone was laid for Washington National Cathedral, which wasn’t fully completed until 1990.
In 1907, “singing cowboy” and baseball executive Gene Autry was born in Tioga, Texas.
In 1957, the Brooklyn Dodgers played their last game before moving to Los Angeles, losing to the Phillies 2-1 in Philadelphia.
In 1978, Pope John Paul I was found dead in his Vatican apartment just over a month after becoming head of the Roman Catholic Church.
In 1979, Pope John Paul II began the first papal visit to Ireland as he arrived for a three-day tour.
In 1982, Extra-Strength Tylenol capsules laced with cyanide claimed the first of seven victims in the Chicago area. (To date, the case remains unsolved.)
In 1999, Oklahoma City bombing defendant Terry Nichols went on trial in the same courtroom in Denver where Timothy McVeigh was convicted and sentenced to die. (Nichols was later convicted of involuntary manslaughter and conspiracy, but acquitted of murder and weapons-related counts; he was sentenced to life in prison.)
Wednesday, September 30
In 1777, the Continental Congress — forced to flee in the face of advancing British forces — moved to York, Pa.
In 1791, Mozart's opera "The Magic Flute" premiered in Vienna, Austria.
In 1846, Boston dentist William Morton used ether as an anesthetic for the first time as he extracted an ulcerated tooth from merchant Eben Frost.
In 1938, after co-signing the Munich Agreement allowing Nazi annexation of Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain praised the accord on his return home, saying, "I believe it is peace for our time."
In 1949, the Berlin Airlift came to an end.
In 1954, the first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus, was commissioned by the Navy.
In 1955, actor James Dean, 24, was killed in a two-car collision near Cholame, Calif.
In 1962, black student James Meredith was escorted by federal marshals to the campus of the University of Mississippi, where he enrolled for classes the next day.
In 2004, the House followed the Senate in decisively rejecting a constitutional amendment banning gay marriage.
Thursday, October 1
In 1800, Spain ceded Louisiana to France in a secret treaty.
In 1908, Henry Ford introduced his Model T automobile to the market.
In 1918, Damascus fell to Arab forces as Turkish Ottoman officials surrendered the city.
In 1936, Gen. Francisco Franco was proclaimed the head of an insurgent Spanish state.
In 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People's Republic of China during a ceremony in Beijing.
In 1958, the American Express charge card made its official debut.
In 1964, the Free Speech Movement was launched at the University of California at Berkeley.
In 1968, the cult horror movie "Night of the Living Dead" had its world premiere in Pittsburgh.
In 1971, Walt Disney World opened in Orlando, Fla.
In 2004, Conservative commentator Rush Limbaugh resigned from his ESPN sports job after stirring controversy by suggesting Philadelphia Eagles quarterback Donovan McNabb was overrated because the media wanted to see a black quarterback succeed.
In 2008, the Dow Jones industrial average rose 191.92 points to 14,087.55, surpassing a mid-July closing record of 14,000.41.
Friday, October 2
In 1869, political and spiritual leader Mohandas K. Gandhi was born in Porbandar, India.
In 1919, President Woodrow Wilson suffered a serious stroke at the White House that left him paralyzed on his left side.
In 1950, the comic strip "Peanuts," created by Charles M. Schulz, was syndicated to seven newspapers.
In 1959, Rod Serling's "The Twilight Zone" made its debut on CBS-TV with the episode "Where Is Everybody?" starring Earl Holliman.
In 1967, Thurgood Marshall was sworn as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court as the court opened its new term.
Saturday, October 3
In 1789, President George Washington declared Nov. 26, 1789, a day of Thanksgiving to express gratitude for the creation of the United States of America. (On this date in 1863, President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed the last Thursday in November Thanksgiving Day.)
In 1941, Adolf Hitler declared in a speech in Berlin that Russia had been "broken" and would "never rise again."
In 1951, the New York Giants captured the National League pennant as Bobby Thomson hit a three-run homer off the Brooklyn Dodgers' Ralph Branca in the "shot heard 'round the world."
In 1962, astronaut Wally Schirra blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla., aboard the Sigma 7 on a nine-hour flight.
In 2008, amid dire warnings of economic disaster, a reluctant Congress abruptly reversed course and approved a historic $700 billion government bailout of the battered financial industry; President George W. Bush swiftly signed it.
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